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Albert Cardona

In Europe, flying is cheaper than taking the train.

It's an embarrassment, and a major problem: we have to stop flying for silly short distances. Realise that the overheads of flying (reaching the airport, awaiting 2 hours, the flight, the unloading, reaching the destination) largely cancel out any time gains of flying. And the carbon costs are utterly untenable. Not to speak of the modern, dire conditions of the whole flying "experience".

Another embarrassment is that train connections can't be guaranteed when across countries or companies. They aren't even coordinated. As if those who commission and set the schedules didn't travel by train themselves, at least not internationally. In considering how tiny most European countries are, it's frankly bizarre.

There are so many destinations one could travel by train to, yet in practice, it's not sensible. A disgrace.

The upside is that it can be fixed.

#trains #EuroRail

86 comments
Dan Goodman

@albertcardona and travelling by train is such a joy! Wish it wasn't so insanely expensive.

Mr. P. M. Secular

@neuralreckoning @albertcardona It should be a joy! But sadly that's not always true in the UK in my experience. Packed, dirty, noisy carriages, lack of catering, dodgy toilets, and frequent delays and cancellations are all too common.

Dan Goodman

@secular @albertcardona yeah. There are some decent lines but some horrible ones too.

Paul 🏳️‍🌈🏳️‍⚧️🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿🇪🇺

@neuralreckoning @albertcardona When I last checked, the annual DB Bahn 100 card was cheaper than a yearly season ticket between Edinburgh and Glasgow.

Mr. P. M. Secular

@albertcardona So true! And even within the UK it's so expensive to travel from place to place that people are no doubt using cars or planes instead. Have a look at the cost of a return ticket from Bristol to London for example.

Ko-Fan Chen 陳克帆

@albertcardona
🤞 my student's journey next month to Rotterdam is smooth

Albert Cardona

@kofanchen

If it involves one big leg only like the Eurostar or a single German ICE train or French Grande Lignes, then yes, travelling by train is smooth. Issue is when one has to make connections across countries and railway companies.

Ko-Fan Chen 陳克帆

@albertcardona that is what I hope and 🤞 as I think they booked transit in France or Belgium onwards to the Netherlands

Marieke van Vugt

@albertcardona So true! And on top of that, it's often super hard to figure out where/how to buy the relevant tickets. You don't want to know how much time I spent on that. I actually wrote a blog with tips about this: mariekevanvugt.blogspot.com/20

Albert Cardona

@mvugt

I am trying to go to Germany from the UK. It's really not far by any stretch of the word. The train connections between multi-hour legs are less than 20 minutes. Past experience indicates that's not enough.

I wish there was an integrated trans-European railway ticketing and scheduling system.

Ga Schu

@albertcardona @mvugt
byway.travel are a travel agency doing all the booking for you (you need to include some nights in hotels with them to make it worthwhile for them).

Otherwise you'll have to read through the detailed advice of the Man in Seat 61 to get the cheapest or smoothest journey: seat61.com/

Jules

@mvugt @albertcardona Eurostar is very weird with any sort of blade, this was in the news recently bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c163kp and I know of some people who went on a camping trip to France and had all of their knives taken

Jaap-Henk Hoepman (@xot)

@mvugt @becha @albertcardona Great write-up covering exactly my experiences with European train travel. Once you know these things, train travel is actually quite nice in Europe!

Johannes Velterop✅ⓐⓊ🇪🇺🇳🇱🇬🇧🇩🇪

@albertcardona
We tried to go by train (and ferry, of course) from the Netherlands to El Jadida in Morocco. It proved impossible. The total cost of trains, busses, taxis, and necessary overnight hotel stays could have bought us a flight ticket around the world. Aside from that, trying to find out what might be possible and to make all the bookings was a full-time job for days. We failed.

Albert Cardona

@villavelius

I hear you – same here. One wonders, how much of the price difference are fuel and airport subsidies to airline companies. If that much tax-payer money has to go to flying to make it affordable, I'd rather it was allocated to the railway. Far more humane, less noisy, less hassle, far lower carbon footprint, far more pleasant.

berndandeweg

@albertcardona @villavelius you have to access sites of different companies (sncf, renfe, eurostar) and can book many of the lines. Of course it is costly, but you can get there in 2 days. Personal experience: everything booked but the Eurostar/Thalys, because these tickets where only available 3 months in advance. Or the night train from Hamburg to Stockholm, only 6 weeks before departure, while regional trains in Sweden were already fully booked by that time...

Johannes Velterop✅ⓐⓊ🇪🇺🇳🇱🇬🇧🇩🇪

@berndandeweg @albertcardona In the end, only the trains in Morocco were easy, and reasonably priced. So we booked the train from Tangier to Casablanca, and from there to El Jedida.

berndandeweg

@villavelius @albertcardona I have stood several times on airport Schiphol to catch a train, arriving next day in Valencia, took the metro to the airport to pick up a rental car for the last stretch... could have taken 2+ hours. But hey... part of the trip starts at home.

Serge Droz

@albertcardona I think two easy things that could help:
- Make it as easy to buy train tickets as it is to buy plane tickets
- stop subsidizing air travel and externalising costs: that means global CO2 taxes.

The result of the second point will be, that travelling will be much more expensive , so people should stop whining about the high cost of going on vacations.

Albert Cardona

@sergedroz

Indeed, what's needed is obvious, the question here is who will convince the EU to (1) establish one such agency, (2) drop fuel subsidies for airlines, and (3) enforce carbon taxes.

Serge Droz

@albertcardona I think the booking thing could be private, there are many private airline ticket booking portals. Rome2rio.com is a start.

The tax needs to be global, I think just Europe won't work because it would create a competitive disadvantage. So maybe a G20 initiative, similar to the global corporate tax. I don't like the G20, because it has no democratic legitimacy, but I don't see another way of introducing this.

Interesting fact: A while ago UBS argued for a CO2 tax, saying it's the most efficient mechanism to curb emissions

@albertcardona I think the booking thing could be private, there are many private airline ticket booking portals. Rome2rio.com is a start.

The tax needs to be global, I think just Europe won't work because it would create a competitive disadvantage. So maybe a G20 initiative, similar to the global corporate tax. I don't like the G20, because it has no democratic legitimacy, but I don't see another way of introducing this.

Paul the Nerd

@albertcardona lets be real, all short haul flights should be banned

Albert Cardona

@paulthenerd

My rule of thumb would be, if there's a train route that can make the journey in less than 8 hours, there's no reason to fly at all. Flying will take about as much time when including the overheads, and most hours will be wasted rather than comfortably sitting on a train.

Distance is not a factor; time is. E.g., London-Bergen, in Norway, would be quite difficult to replace by train or boat. Whereas London-Barcelona, which is about the same distance, is easy: there already is a route with Eurostar + TGV via Paris.

London-Bergen: 1044 km distance.to/London/Bergen

London-Barcelona: 1138 km distance.to/London/Barcelona

@paulthenerd

My rule of thumb would be, if there's a train route that can make the journey in less than 8 hours, there's no reason to fly at all. Flying will take about as much time when including the overheads, and most hours will be wasted rather than comfortably sitting on a train.

Distance is not a factor; time is. E.g., London-Bergen, in Norway, would be quite difficult to replace by train or boat. Whereas London-Barcelona, which is about the same distance, is easy: there already is a route...

Mikołaj Hołysz

@albertcardona The unsaid part of this is that the cheap airlines are private (and hence efficient), while most train companies are either public or semi-public, and hence both expensive and inefficient. If you take a look at Polish train prices, which aren't that bad compared to other places, going by car instead becomes more affordable at 3 to 4 people, assuming normal tickets. This makes no sense, there's no way a car is more efficient than a train.

Raff Karva

@miki @albertcardona

Cheap air travel IS NOT due the public/private split.

Cheap air travel is due to government subsidies. Why do *private* airlines get taxpayer subsidised fuel in the first place?

Germany has the best and cheapest train system I used in Europe - all public.

England trains are all private and their service is atrocious and crazy expensive.

Private companies think only about profit. Expensive crap services = profit for shareholders.

Raff Karva

@miki @albertcardona

There is a prevailing belief in Poland that private is good, public is bad.

This has nothing to do with the reality and it stems from post communist attitudes.

If you want to see the true difference between private and public operations look at English vs Scottish Water companies.

Or German public trains vs English private trains.

Private companies have only one goal - to sell cheap products & services for as much money as possible.

Jan (DL1JPH)

@RaffKarva
While I agree with the sentiment, it's important to note that DB is *not* a public entity but a publicly traded company with a controlling stake held by the state. The difference is that it, too, operates on a for profit model (and is failing miserably, given that they started debt free and now owe staggering sums to various banks).
@miki @albertcardona

Raff Karva

@DL1JPH @miki @albertcardona

Thank you, I was under the impression that DB operated just like ScotRail.

Raff Karva

@DL1JPH @miki @albertcardona

According to the Wikipedia Deutsche Bahn is 100% state owned enterprise:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche

It is therefore considered a public entity operating within the private sector. Banks lending money to DB consider state taxes as security against the loan.

The difference between a SEO and a Statutory Corporation such as Scottish Water is that SEO can invest in private companies such as four British train lines.

1/2

Raff Karva

@DL1JPH @miki @albertcardona

This means that each time you buy a train ticket in England, you’re defacto paying for Germany to implement Deutschland-Ticket, which gives the ticket holder unlimited Germany-wide travel for €49 per month.

If you need to commute for work from Manchester to London on Monday, expect to pay £114 one way.
_

Publicly owned DB: €49 per month unlimited travel

Private English company (owned by DB): £114 single ticket. 🤯

Screenshot of a travel booking app showing train and coach options from Manchester to London with dates, prices, and travel times.
Jan (DL1JPH)

@RaffKarva
Yes, the ownership structure of DB is a bit strange... It gets even stranger once you look into the entire structure. There are parts that are, as you said, 100% state owned and parts that aren't. The Deutschlandticket is a bit of a misleading example here, though, as it is indeed state funded - *all* local rail companies have to sell and accept it, then they can claim state reimbursement according to the number of tickets sold. This isn't unique to DB Regio. @miki @albertcardona

Raff Karva

@DL1JPH @miki @albertcardona

I went down the rabbit hole of reading DB latest report.

Very interesting read:

ir.deutschebahn.com/fileadmin/

What stood out to me was this:

“More than 1.8 billion passengers took our trains in 2023, a year-on-year increase of more than 5%. By taking the train instead of driving, they traveled the climate-friendly way: our long-distance passengers reduced their greenhouse gas emissions by 7.5 million tons.”

Raff Karva

@miki @albertcardona

Thatcher’s government privatised water in England 35 years ago. Scottish water remained fully public during this time.

I don’t think there has been a better case study to compare private vs public ownership.

weownit.org.uk/public-ownershi

Mikołaj Hołysz

@RaffKarva @albertcardona Water (and other similar utilities, like electricity / internet / TV cables) are somewhat different, because you can't just lay new pipes / cables without government approval, and even if you could, it would be far too expensive. If one monopolist owns all the pipes and no other competitor can realistically lay more, there's nothing stopping the monopolist from raising the prices beyond all reason. This is why I'm not opposed to the government owning train track, undecided on them owning stations and related infrastructure, but definitely against public ownership of the actual trains and railroad companies themselves.

@RaffKarva @albertcardona Water (and other similar utilities, like electricity / internet / TV cables) are somewhat different, because you can't just lay new pipes / cables without government approval, and even if you could, it would be far too expensive. If one monopolist owns all the pipes and no other competitor can realistically lay more, there's nothing stopping the monopolist from raising the prices beyond all reason. This is why I'm not opposed to the government owning train track, undecided...

Raff Karva

@miki @albertcardona

I truly recommend that you study English private train companies (the whole of England got privatised by Thatcher)

It’s not one monopoly. It’s around 30 private companies.

Then compare those companies to one state owned Deutsche Bahn. DB is by far the best train travel I experienced throughout the whole of Europe.

€49 per month for unlimited country wide travel in Germany.

£114 for a single ticket from Manchester to London.

Raff Karva

@miki @albertcardona

There’s this myth sold by capitalists that within the private market competition leads to lower prices and better services.

This is unfortunately nothing but a myth.

What happens in reality is this:

theguardian.com/business/2022/

Uli Hofmann

@albertcardona @miki @RaffKarva Wow! Sitting in a „fast“ train across Germany right now, I do not quite know how to digest this praise for DB! Rarely heard. 😉 Truth to be told: The 49€ do not allow to use these fast trains… Still, you can get (criss-)cross-country with it.

Raff Karva

@kraweel65 @albertcardona @miki

In Germany, you can easily live in Hannover and commute for work to Bremen or Hamburg for €49 per month.

In England same distance work commute from Peterborough to London is £788 per month only available on two (out of 25) train lines.

Also, I used trains in Germany hundreds of times, not once was it cancelled. In England 1 in 10 commutes are cancelled each month.

Privatisation is a scam.

Screenshot of Trainline mobile app showing train ticket options from Peterborough to London with prices for weekly (£205), monthly (£788), and annual (£8208) standard tickets.
Ian Sudbery

@kraweel65 @albertcardona @miki @RaffKarva

People who complain about the state of DB have clearly never spent much time relying on the British train system.

Ian Sudbery

@kraweel65 @albertcardona @miki @RaffKarva

Last time I was in Germany, the ICE I was on was taken out of service due to a fault. The whole experience showed me what the correct way to deal with such a situation. We were delayed by 30 minutes.

Trains going out of service happens very frequently on UK trains, and I'm often abandoned with no help or advice, delayed 3 or more hours, forced onto overcrowded alternative trains

Grant

@RaffKarva @miki @albertcardona

Ahhh... Myopic Maggie.

The truth is, privatised 'public services', e.g. roads, rail, power, sewage ... are ALL cartels. That's it. There's nothing clever about it and every single one of them is ONLY interested in maximising profit.

What on earth is the point???

Raff Karva

@gsymon @miki @albertcardona

“Myopic Maggie” - I never heard that before. Good one.

Yeap, it’s always been this way with private companies:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebus_

Grant

@RaffKarva @miki @albertcardona

Ha!

Yes, I came up with 'Myopic Maggie' a few years ago, after ongoing discussions with a very old friend, who thought that Maggie was a true great. Sigh.

It was her complete lack of vision. Her failure to understand humanity and the inevitability of her policies that led me the nickname.

I was often heard in the late 80s saying ... 'just wait to see what this will lead to in 30yrs' ... and ... well, here we are today. Totally predictable.

Raff Karva

@gsymon @miki @albertcardona

Poland is roughly a decade behind England in privatisation. Moreover, Poland did not adopt the full scale privatisation as introduced by Reagan-Thatcher neoliberalism.

A lot of my polish friends have this naive view of capitalism. They don’t see that given enough time privatisation always ends up with monopolies and/or cartels. Each time the public ends up paying more for worse product or service.

:neocat_scream: kitty!

@miki @albertcardona do you know what privatization did to British railroads by chance?

:neocat_scream: kitty!

@miki @albertcardona do you know how much subsidies European goverments provide to airline companies by chance?

Mikołaj Hołysz

@cybertailor @albertcardona Do the cheap airlines get any of these? I was under the impression that most subsidies go to the expensive state-owned enterprises like Lufthansa, KLM, British Airways or Lot.

For Pete's Sake

@albertcardona I know this all too well. My wife and I just went from London to Florence on the trains.

it cost an absolute fortune (compounded by the necessity to stay overnight in Zurich.. not a cheap city !) but overall it was a much more pleasant experience.

#trains #EuroRail #Interrail

Map of interrail route
detail of duration and number of trains taken
DELETED

@petelittle1970 @albertcardona I don’t know about your time constraints but avoiding interrail on TGV into Switzerland will save you a lot. That’s _the_ most expensive seat reservation there is.
E.g TGV to Mulhouse, stay overnight and take reservation free trains to Milano. But you’ll get a few hours later to Florence in that case.

For Pete's Sake

@Torskmint @albertcardona Yeah we struggled to find timings that suited us.

This is not something we do regularly and probably won't do again for quite some time.

The process of buying the interrail pass, booking the trains, reserving seats and linking everything together wasn't exactly straight forward.

thanks to Seat61.com we figured it out..

However now we know how it works we more likely to train than plane from now on.

Andrew Condon

@albertcardona are you following @jon on his investigative trans-border train journeys as he details the huge gap between European politicians rhetoric about trains and the facts on the ground?

Jon Worth

@heresiarch yes I correspond with @albertcardona from time to time! But it’s capacity you need to increase first, not focus on price jonworth.eu/make-international

Albert Cardona

@jon @heresiarch

Capacity and coordination. It shouldn’t take a PhD to book a train journey across two countries.

Jon Worth

@albertcardona @heresiarch Right. But if you’re SNCF do you care? Because your train is full regardless.

Andrew Condon

@albertcardona @jon i'd say the threshold for booking needs to be lowered all the way to “on a par with air travel booking” but perhaps equally important are removing uncertainties thru some kind of insurance and then sticking the costs of that on the rail operators.
Also, capacity.

hazelnot :yell:

@albertcardona the speed also heavily depends on the country. Romania has terrible rail infrastructure and the average train speed is 17 km/h 💀

There are places I wanna go by train to but when my options are 4 hours by car or 8 hours by train (and the train only leaves at 3 AM)...

James Baillie

@albertcardona Yeah, I've been trying to improve my train usage but it's difficult. It's partly that it means slightly longer trips and rail does often take an extra day of padding if you're going a fair chunk across the continent, but also for me going between e.g. Austria and the UK just isn't very affordable. From Vienna I managed to do a recent conference in Konstanz by rail, but I ended up having to opt for planes for trips to Varna and Ravenna both of which should be in rail range really.

Anke

@JubalBarca @albertcardona
...Last time I took the train (ICE) to a different city within Germany, both on the way there and back the train I had booked was cancelled, and I had to figure out a different connection.
I guess that's what you always get eventually when you privatise a public service and run it profit-oriented: neglected upkeep and other cost-saving measures make it... less than great.

Heals :heart_nb: (comms open)

@Anke @JubalBarca @albertcardona at least planes in Germany are also not an option for 99% of travels because we thankfully don't have enough area or airports. The train system for short distance is good enough (private operated non-DB) but pray if you have to take a an inter regio or inter city express.. the Deutsch Bahn has a lot of improvements to do.

Andy Wootton

@albertcardona Given that taking off uses so much of the energy, there should be minimum flight distances to justify it.

Arina Artemis :nonbinary_flag:

@albertcardona From what I've read, the problem is that European railway systems were basically independently developed by a bunch of countries without consideration for each other. So you have incompatible track width, incompatible electrification, incompatible signaling, etc.
It *could* be fixed but very slowly because most countries simply don't have the money to overhaul the entire rail system.

Koen de Jonge - SynQ

@albertcardona I have a positive exception to this.

I recently booked a trip from Rotterdam to Berlin with europeansleeper.eu/

Direct night train from Rotterdam on Monday evening arriving the next morning and a direct one back on Tuesday evening.

I have yet to take the train but booking it was done in 15 minutes and it was only 69 euros one way. 🥳

berndandeweg

@albertcardona and just all of a sudden, ICE to Basel will be discontinued by DB... that was the perfect sleeptrain to Italy...

David Monniaux

@albertcardona You are correct. To a large extent this is a question of ticketing: we need an effective system so that if train A is late, then the train company reschedules ticket for train B, as airlines do.

Sol Kawage

@albertcardona it costs me less to fly London–Innsbruck than to train London–Glasgow. It's a disgrace.

Thomas Lavergne

@albertcardona We (2 adults and 3 kids) are French from #Britanny but live in #Oslo Norway. This summer, for the first time, we will travel by train only. This involves day trains, a sleeper train, and several nights at hotels.

But yes, all you write: expensive, little guarantee at connections, no unified ticketing...

ferricoxide

@albertcardona@mathstodon.xyz

In fall if 2021, I wanted to take a train to a music festival in Florida. I live just outside DC. While the Acela can get me from DC to NYC in just a couple hours – factoring in efforts and hassles of flying, it's about a wash, time-wise – the same can't be said of the trip to Florida. What is only a couple hours' flying time and about a dozen hours' driving time is 20+ hours by train ...yet the train is more expensive than either of the other options, especially if paying for more than one to travel. Rail in the US is beyond being a disastrous joke.

@albertcardona@mathstodon.xyz

In fall if 2021, I wanted to take a train to a music festival in Florida. I live just outside DC. While the Acela can get me from DC to NYC in just a couple hours – factoring in efforts and hassles of flying, it's about a wash, time-wise – the same can't be said of the trip to Florida. What is only a couple hours' flying time and about a dozen hours' driving time is 20+ hours by train ...yet the train is more expensive than either of the other options, especially if...

Marek, lost in computation

@albertcardona I would love to travel by high-speed rails but at the moment the trips take very long and require multiple connections which have a high likelihood of not working out so the whole process is quite painful for most destinations.

Pete

@albertcardona 100% agree. We need a concerted, coordinated effort to streamline long distance train travel in Europe and cost in carbon for both trains and flights so prices are fully reflective of the real cost.

Ölbaum

@albertcardona Another thing I realised, when considering travelling from Switzerland to London by train last summer, is that if you have a lot to carry (e.g. with small kids, which means also extra luggage,) it’s not very nice having to switch trains a lot.

sirsegv :heart_clockwork:

@albertcardona@mathstodon.xyz the situation is even worse in Australia to the point it's almost comical, there has been such a push to get high speed rail covering what is the 5th busiest air corridor in the world, none of which have gone anywhere

A snippet from wikipedia reading "Various studies and recommendations have asserted that a high-speed rail service between the major eastern capital cities could be viable as an alternative to air." followed by 15 citation markers
Thiago Carvalho

@albertcardona That's where you can take the train at all! I live in Lisbon and for years there have been no more trains to Spain. Flying to Madrid or Barcelona is absurd. But all local politicos argue over is new airports and airline subsidies.

Léo El Rojo

@albertcardona currently traveling from Nantes, France towards Norway. I love my trip, I'm having a lot of fun, but it could have been waaaay easier.
First (and biggest) issue is France not having external night train connection.

X

@albertcardona On distance over 200 km the cheapest and most convenient way to travel is to travel with car.

sbarrax aka Marco Frattola

@albertcardona yes, I agree. Moreover, in Italy train system became terrible, not only for delays, but also for interconnections and obviously prices. The high speed trains are only a small part of the possible routes and on the “normal” (“regional”) routes travelling is a nightmare. Sometimes we -6 people family- wondered how to get to Munich or Geneve by train but we gave up shortly after. 🤯😰

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