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Jason Lefkowitz

The irony is that there is one and only one reason WordPress is where it is, and that is because, back in the Triassic Age of the web, the blogging software that everyone used back then, Movable Type, changed its license.

Movable Type was commercial software; there was a free personal version, and a relatively expensive pro version. This didn't get in their way for a long time, because the terms of who qualified for the free personal version were generous. But when they released version 3.0 in 2004, they tweaked who qualified for which license in such a way as to make it look like lots of high-traffic bloggers were suddenly going to have to pay for a pro license.

As you might imagine, the entire blog world lost its collective shit. Lots of influential bloggers decided that the solution was to find a truly open source alternative, and WordPress, which was relatively primitive but 100% GPL, had shipped its first version the year before. A stampede off Movable Type and onto WordPress began, giving WP the boost it needed to go from Yet Another Blog CMS to a real contender. And so began the long march that led to "43% down, 57% to go. WordPress."

I eventually migrated my own sites from MT to WP too, and let me tell you, that migration hurt like hell. Because MT was much better software in 2004 than WordPress was. I would argue that in some ways, MT in 2004 was better software than WordPress is TODAY. But when the big bloggers fled, it dealt MT a killing blow. The software spiraled into an endless attempt to keep existing pro customers satisfied, dragging it farther and farther away from what the ordinary user needed or wanted.

All of which is to say, fortune in this market is extremely fickle. You can do everything right for years, but you only have to do one big thing wrong to send all your users running. And once they start running, they don't come back.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movable_

80 comments
Molly B

@jalefkowit @skinnylatte Once I wrote a blog post about an issue I was having with MT; Anil Dash saw it pop up on Technorati and came in to my comments to troubleshoot. (ca. 2003)

rastilin

@jalefkowit

This is interesting stuff, it was before my time. I would have just been getting into blogging several years after this happened.

ptrourke

@jalefkowit As a former Textpattern user, I remember being confused by this. Of course, Textpattern had its own crisis...

Keith Dawson

@vincevlo @jalefkowit I had a few Textpattern blogs in 2006–. (Still do have a couple.) I wasn't aware of any crisis TP experienced. Can you elaborate please?

ptrourke

@kdawson @vincevlo @jalefkowit The Joyent buyout of TextDrive and the "lifetime hosting" accounts that Dean Allen tried to make good: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TextDriv

vincevlo

@jalefkowit spent some time looking at the 2007 screenshot in the Wikipedia page. Of course, many things seem off from a 2024 perspective (fonts, spacing, buttons) but the UI still is good with some great details and sense of UX. It must have been a nightmare with the CSS of this time and IE support.

デイヴ

@jalefkowit I was also right in the middle of it. The big spam boom of the time (and MT’s utter inability to deal with it), was definitely a factor.
As for which one was “better software”, I am undeniably biased (having helped code WP at the time, after a stint as an MT user), but I would contend MT was okay-ish software with a nice polish (and little to no room for a plug-in architecture). WP 1.x was lacking, but by 2, was heaps better.

Passenger

@jalefkowit

Hypothesis I can't prove: the downfall of Movable Type was one of the examples of why low switching costs are great if you're a customer but bad if you're a vendor, which led to for-profit social media being the way it is now.

Seasiders2

@jalefkowit and now Word Press is about to sell contibutors work to AI

Wayne Dixon

@jalefkowit I can't say I’m surprised by the moves that WordPress is making. However, for me, what prompted me to get off of Wordpress was their move to the block theme editor. It was pushed too early and only made things more difficult.

I moved off of Wordpress back in 2022 and I don’t think I'll ever go back. This latest move just reinforces my decision to move off of the software..

Wayne Dixon

@DameHolly I actually needed up going with a static site generator. My site is now basically static html, with a bit of JavaScript, but very little JavaScript.

Derek Powazek 🐐

@jalefkowit This is such good history to remember. I also made the switch at the time and now it looks like I'll be switching again.

Jeri Dansky

@fraying Do you know what you'll switching to?

Luis Villa

@fraying @jeridansky @mathowie urgh, I have experimented with ghost for a small newsletter and found it very irritating. But admittedly I’m using their hosted service, not self-hosting.

Patrick Morris Miller

@jalefkowit I actually know a blog that still runs MT.

The owners don't know how to turn commenting back on and they haven't noticed that it's been hacked to serve malware.

Jason Lefkowitz

@kentenmakto There are still people out there running sites on MT, but they are either pro customers with deeply dysfunctional procurement processes, or individual users who are so far out of date with security patches as to make them a sitting duck. Sad, really.

In its twilight years most of its remaining userbase was concentrated in Japan. Not sure why.

dominik schwind

@jalefkowit @kentenmakto kottke.org and Daring Fireball are both still using MT

R.J. Faas

@jalefkowit @flargh I miss Movable Type. I’d say it’s still ahead of where Wordpress is today, at least in terms of ease of use, especially with the annoying block editor.

Baloo Uriza

@jalefkowit I remember things slightly differently. I remember Movable Type had a search function, that, when abused (and this was trivial, anybody could, and did, write one-liners to exploit this), would sponge all resources on a server until bringing it down. I also remember hosting companies banning Movable Type on shared hosting and VPS environments, forcing MT users to either 1) switch to something else, or 2) fork out for big iron to save everyone else from you.

Baloo Uriza

@jalefkowit So, the licensing might have been a component. But for the overwhelming majority of Movable Type users, I get the impression moving away from MT was less a move to something with a better license, but more of a *severe* tech debt that exploded so badly hosting companies were willing to tell people their money wasn't good anymore, and WordPress happened to be "Well, shit, the site's down and I gotta change it or stay down...fuckit, Wordpress exists, right? Can't be worse."

Jason Lefkowitz

@BalooUriza All I can tell you is that this was not my experience.

Jeff ♨️ Darcy

@BalooUriza @jalefkowit Let's not forget the part about being written in Perl. I'm about as likely to debate Perl vs. PHP as vegemite vs. marmite, but it certainly didn't help keep MT in hosting companies' good graces.

Baloo Uriza

@Obdurodon I don't think that was much of a player because I feel like if everything was just heat seeking the latest thing, WordPress would have come and went (along with 4 or 5 other things since then) leaving us with some abomination written in Go and Rust now.

Baloo Uriza

@Obdurodon I also think of it less as Perl vs PHP as Perl vs Python, and PHP vs...anything even slightly less jank (including Perl or Python).

Jason Lefkowitz

@Obdurodon @BalooUriza Yes, when I did see hosts pushing back on MT usage, it seemed mostly to do with them not wanting to be in the business of hosting arbitrary user-uploaded Perl/CGI scripts anymore. PHP (especially once mod_php came along) let them offer customers roughly the same functionality with fewer risks.

(Disclaimer: I never worked on the hosting end of things, this is just my understanding from reading and talking to people.)

Baloo Uriza

@jalefkowit At least not for the managed hosting folks. And in that environment, it wasn't just perl/cgi (and quite a few places will still happily host it) but literally all software they weren't willing to support and manage in-house. And for literally 99% of users, that's Good Enough for $9/mo.

But, Movable Type was the straw that broke the camel's back for most managed/shared hosting environments, especially ones that didn't want to provide shell access.

@Obdurodon

Joel Wirāmu, Pauling

@jalefkowit

@soc

I spent my best years as webdev managing postnuke (and phpnuke) modules and Moodle.

Wordpress isn't the only game in town, and I've never really understood the appeal and ecosystem it seemed to command in the space.

I think it was more zietgiestz dujuour and timing combined with the average web Dev interest in understanding wider IT /Dev project ecosystem decreasing

Daniel Lakeland

@jalefkowit

So, now that everyone is going to bail on WP, is there a piece of software that is really friendly to math/science/computing discussions, and is ActivityPub native? Must haves are both LaTeX style math, and code fences, easy quoting, and both comment preview and editable comments.

I kinda want the usability of Discourse but oriented around a single long-form article with ActivityPub based discussion.

cuan_knaggs

@dlakelan sounds like you're actually after a forum but it's worth taking a look ate drupal @jalefkowit

Ross Wardrup

@jalefkowit did I miss something big? What’s going on with Wordpress? I can’t seem to find a good search keyword.

tazir

@jalefkowit @wardrup Just to clarify: this is about wordpress.com, but most people using Wordpress as CMS free system, not on wordpress.com

DELETED

@wardrup @jalefkowit much less than 1% of all users will understand, and care, and change. The company understands their market and the outrage cost was factored. It’s good these users leave. Because they will boost other content systems. Much like a small percentage of Reddit users boosted masterdon! So, it’s actually healthy for the web the whole thing is happening.

Ari SunDog 🏳️‍🌈🌞♾️

@jalefkowit I moved away from Substack after only being there a year and went back to WordPress, thinking it was safe and reliable. Now I'm gonna have to move again? I'll have to learn to self-host -- if they'll even give me back my urls. I hope there is an opt-out option. if there isn't, I'm gonna have to go back and re-tool everything and protect my photos and poems. Annoying AF.

cuan_knaggs

@arisummerland self hosting isn't as hardcore as us nerds like to make out. most web hosting companies have a one click install option for all sorts of popular softwares, including wp, ghost, drupal, joomla, ... . the only thing you really need to keep a handle on is that you keep it all updated all the time @jalefkowit

Roelant (EN)

@jalefkowit Ahhh Movable Type, Pivot, those were the days. 😄

It probably didn’t help either that it was around that time that platforms like Twitter and soon after Tumblr became more and more mainstream. Some people switched to those platforms instead of maintaining their own CMS.

Steven Rosenberg

@roelant @jalefkowit It definitely happened.

The big innovation was the UI. A text box and a send button. Write your post/tweet, send it.

No mucking around with titles, tags and categories. Just write the words and post. Use hashtags and links if you wish. No HTML needed.

Francis 🏴‍☠️ Gulotta

@jalefkowit this was my experience too - thank you for reminding me

Steven Rosenberg

@jalefkowit I ran a huge multi site Movable Type system, and while WP eating its breakfast, lunch and dinner was kind of inevitable, I miss the quirky, sometimes groundbreaking nature of MT in the late 3.x days.

Multi-site was baked in way before WP had it.

And then there was all that glorious Perl.

MT used Perl CGI on the backend to build static HTML for the frontend. Sound ahead of its time??

The scripts could bring your server to its knees, but there was a lot of static HTML in there.

Jason Lefkowitz

@passthejoe Yeah, when people started raving about the revolutionary new static site generators circa 2012 or so I was like "well this all looks familiar" 😆​

Jason Lefkowitz

@passthejoe Honestly I think the other way MT shot itself in the foot was by limiting custom field support to just Pro users. An attempt to push people to upgrade, but it just ended up pushing people to WP, which conspicuously promoted that it included custom fields for free.

Pricing commercial software is hard, etc.

Steven Rosenberg

@jalefkowit They did have a paid, hosted offering -- was it Typepad?? They needed to lean into that and do the hosting for commercial MT users.

They needed to sell the service, not the software.

Hosting busy sites was a nightmare, and this was in the heat of the blogging explosion.

I guess WordPress caught up pretty quickly. They lagged on multi-site, but everything else seemed to work better pretty quickly.

Jason Lefkowitz

@passthejoe Oh man, they had TOO MANY hosted offerings. There was TypePad, Vox, and then eventually LiveJournal. Too many arrows, not enough wood for any of them

Steven Rosenberg

@jalefkowit What really stressed the servers were things like comments. A reader created a comment using CGI, and that one comment would trigger dozens of CGI rebuilds of static HTML pages. And a popular post with a hundred comments would mean thousands of HTML page rebuilds on the server. It didn't really scale unless you had a really big server, or a small number of comments.

But I did love MT and hoped it would grow and not die.

Steven Rosenberg

@jalefkowit I would love to have a static site generator today with integrated comments and robust multi-site support.

Jason Lefkowitz

@passthejoe Even on smaller sites, rebuild performance could be a real PITA. I would have advised them to focus their effort on improving that, if they'd asked me. A thing everyone I knew who left MT for WP told me was "it's so nice to not have to wait for rebuilds to complete anymore."

(I suspect today you could get a lot more mileage out of basically the same architecture by pushing things like comments out to JavaScript/AJAX, so you don't need to rebuild the whole page for every single comment.)

Kevin + Drupal + Beard

@jalefkowit and here I was thinking that the fact that many old school Drupal developers got their introduction to the GPL CMS when it was used to create DeanSpace; a distribution designed to help grassroots organization for Howard Dean's 2004 run for president. I had no idea that WP owed its early growth to a pricing misstep by the Trotts. Very interesting. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drupal#H

Alex M. Dunne

@jalefkowit

My blog platform history:

1998 - launched digittante.com w/ hand-coded HTML
2000 - became nomad-ish, "posting" via a PalmV handheld connected to a #Motorola #Timeport tri-band phone
2001 - moved to blogger (#PyraLabs #FTW)
2004 - moved to #Wordpress
2005 - attended first #Gnomedex
2024 - launched masto.digittante.com
Today - wondering if I need / want a blog at all anymore...

frykitty likes Halloween

@jalefkowit I was so damn disappointed in MT. I stayed with them as long as I possibly could, but they made it clear they just didn't want regular bloggers.

I only have to make sure I don't have jetpack, so a bit lucky this time.

Jason Lefkowitz

@frykitty It was kind of a heartbreak, yeah. You want to root for the plucky little company. But then you watch them shoot themselves in the foot over and over again… sigh.

Meredith

@jalefkowit Huh, I was around for this and I definitely followed the crowd from MT to WP, but I don't remember why. It just seemed like everyone was doing it so I followed suit. Thanks for the explainer.

Dark Sage Torunka :verified:

@jalefkowit Is there a link out there that sums up whatever the hell WordPress is planning that I need to rip out of every site I've ever worked on?

Dark Sage Torunka :verified:

@jalefkowit Ok, this sounds like they're scraping WordPress.com, but I probably should still look into AI scraping countermeasures sometime...

Kévin ⏚

@jalefkowit I find this really interesting, I did play around with having a MT blog at some point but I was put off it for one big reason :

The absolute shitshow SixApart did to LiveJournal and the swift backlash from the community that was so poorly handled.

It for me was very much a "you people have no idea what any of this is about do you ?" moment. I didn't realise there was a less "vibe" reason for the downfall of MT

vga256

@jalefkowit i had completely forgotten about this obscure piece of history. i moved from MT to WP in exactly the same year, and long forgot the reason why!

חנן כהן • Hanan Cohen

@jalefkowit One news item from one source and "everybody" is already leaving WP? Haven't we learned something in the last 20 years of the internet?

Jessamyn

@jalefkowit Oh wow, I remember. I was far from an influential blogger but known in my circle and I remember making the move from MT to WP (I still maintain a few blogs using self-hosted WordPress). It was really a thing!

Sumana Harihareswara

@jessamyn it's been fascinating reading this thread and cataloguing the many different reasons people perceive as major factors or The Reason why WordPress won and Movable Type lost. Byrne Reese's post on that question web.archive.org/web/2019052603 mentions an acquisition/hiring decision that backfired, which is a piece of lore that stuck with me.

@jalefkowit

Jessamyn

@brainwane @jalefkowit Oh wow I remember a lot of those parts too, thanks for the link.

Dr. Matt Lee

@jessamyn @brainwane @jalefkowit I was there at the time and for me a big factor in WordPress taking off was when a number of folks like Mark Pilgrim publicly acknowledged WordPress.

FWIW. Movable Type did eventually release a version or two under GPL but their bug tracker was Fogbugz and so they couldn’t or wouldn’t just give everyone a license to use it.

I wished at the time I knew more Perl and that Open Melody had taken off. MT was so slick and I still long for something like it.

Joe Crawford

@mattl @jessamyn @brainwane @jalefkowit December 2007 was when Movable Type went GPL. I had already moved to WordPress from Blogger by that point. artlung.com/blog/2007/12/13/mo WordPress powers a lot of websites (a plurality?) but there are still Movable Type and many other choices for blogs, and certainly for making websites. Win/Loss is one framing, but ideally you have tools that are great. TextPattern, for example turned 20 the other day. textpattern.com/weblog/textpat It's a great big wonderful web!

@mattl @jessamyn @brainwane @jalefkowit December 2007 was when Movable Type went GPL. I had already moved to WordPress from Blogger by that point. artlung.com/blog/2007/12/13/mo WordPress powers a lot of websites (a plurality?) but there are still Movable Type and many other choices for blogs, and certainly for making websites. Win/Loss is one framing, but ideally you have tools that are great. TextPattern, for example turned 20 the other day. textpattern.com/weblog/textpat

Dr. Matt Lee

@artlung @jessamyn @brainwane @jalefkowit sadly MT went back to the proprietary only license, I think around the time Six Apart was sold?

Melpomene

@jalefkowit@octodon.social So as someone re-entering the space after a decade gone... what alts to the monolithic WP should I be considering?

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