This wake pattern was first explained mathematically by Lord Kelvin (William Thompson) and are known today as the Kelvin wake pattern.
Lord Kelvin described this pattern based on his observations and a rough interpretation of the physics involved. But nowadays we are studying other elements that come into play and can cause small differences based on the object's speed.
Physicists have used satellite images and mathematical modelling to study narrower wakes associated with fast-moving boats. You can read about this discussion here: https://physicsworld.com/a/physicists-rethink-celebrated-kelvin-wake-pattern-for-ships/