Is there a concept (like a specific cognitive bias or logical fallacy) that describes the human tendency to see evidence of something highly shocking happening a small number of times, and then to assume that the highly shocking thing must happen often, in spite of evidence to the contrary?

A mundane example is someone hearing about a person being hit by lightning and then hyperfixating on the possibility that it might happen to them. Less mundane: the "stranger danger" panic of the 80s & 90s.