the floppy controller chip (upper left) doesn't natively support MCA bus, so the chip in the middle (U26) implements that for it. Specifically, U26 uses an external open-drain buffer (U37, bottom) to drive the ARB lines. but it *senses* those same ARB lines with 4 separate pins.
[most likely U26 is a semicustom gate array with a limited number of possible open-drain outputs]
the complexity comes from the arbitration logic. it's like an open-drain priority bus, so the lowest binary value on the bus "wins" and the expected output matches the value on the bus.