The INTR pin triggers a complicated interrupt that runs INTA two bus cycles to acknowledge the interrupt (for historical reasons from the 8008 and 8080 processors). The interrupt bus cycle is similar to a memory read but gets an interrupt type value from the external device.
@kenshirriff From the references, the 8008 "interrupt" facility was *wild* (but sort-of clever in a wierd hacked-together way).