8/ Broadly speaking, Wenker is famous for using "indirect data collection" techniques.
His first major work involved sending a questionnaire of 40 standardised sentences to school by mail. It was translated into dialects by pupils or teachers in about 40,000 locations in Germany, and the collected data on variants was plotted by hand onto over 1,500 maps.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutscher_Sprachatlas#Wenkers%C3%A4tze
9/ By contrast, Gilliéron is known for direct data collection.
In his first publication, Petit Atlas Phonétique du Valais Roman (Sud du Rhone), 1880, Gilliéron gathered necessary data by hiking through the southern Rhone valley, manually transcribing phonetic differences between small villages in the region. This data was then plotted onto a series of maps.
#geoweirdness