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Top-level
Yes, organizations must protect themselves from cyberattacks, data loss and criminal misconduct. This is not optional, and, in several ways, mandated by law (which itself may be problematic in some cases, e.g. NIS-2). Nevertheless, intrusive security and risk surveillance raises serious concerns about misuse by employers, disproportionate monitoring and profiling across purposes, flawed risk assessments and arbitrary suspicions. 7 comments
As discussed in the final section of my report, today's cybersecurity and risk profiling systems can put employees under general suspicion and undermine privacy, human dignity, autonomy, freedom of expression and trust in the workplace. No, employees do not lose any fundamental rights at work, certainly not in Europe. Of course, this kind of surveillance generally increases the information and power asymmetry between organizations and employees. Plus, increased risk surveillance can intensify performance monitoring: When employees with 'poor' performance reviews receive extra scrutiny, employers can apply more rigid performance monitoring. Employers can customize the systems from Forcepoint/Everfox and Microsoft. They can either limit or expand data sources and profiling, and apply it either to only a few employees or to their entire staff. They can implement more or less effective safeguards such as pseudonymization, access control and auditing. I'm addressing Microsoft's privacy and data protection measures in section 4.10. Microsoft's "audit log" can serve both as an additional surveillance tool and as an accountability tool. In any case, software vendors influence and shape how these systems are used. Microsoft recommends that customers monitor all employee communication at least for “harassment or discrimination detection”. It is doubtful whether intrusive surveillance, which opens the door for applying it other purposes, is an appropriate solution here. It may rather represent an intrusive technological pseudo-fix for issues that are deeply embedded in corporate cultures and deserve much more serious attention. More problematic, Microsoft systematically incentivizes employers to expand risk surveillance. Its 'compliance manager' uses quantification/metrics, game mechanisms and recommendations to tell organizations that they should set up and configure various security, risk and compliance products, some of them involving extensive employee monitoring and profiling. This includes extensive personal data processing and profiling just to show customers how Microsoft can analyze extensive employee data. The findings of the report suggest that the security+risk profiling systems offered by Forcepoint/Everfox, Microsoft and other vendors help normalize pervasive employee surveillance and contribute to its expansion. Unions, worker representatives and work councils can only be advised to carefully discuss and negotiate the potential deployment of SIEM, UEBA, DLP, insider risk or communication monitoring systems with employers. Several features can probably not be deployed in Germany or Austria. |
Gregory's Server
The systems examined in the report can be considered corporate mass surveillance systems. Similar to predictive policing tech, they promise not only to detect incidents but to prevent them before they occur.
Employers can potentially misuse them to spy on employees, target organized labor, suppress internal dissent, apply excessive behavioral policing or impose arbitrary disciplinary action.
Remember when Amazon was officially looking for an 'intelligence analyst' to spy on 'organized labor'?