Shortly after the bombing, claims began to surface on social media that Russia was being wrongly blamed for the attack and that the missile was American in origin, fired by Ukraine. Jackson Hinkle, a political activist who has appeared on Russian state media, was one such voice.
Bellingcat analysed social media footage of the attack from different angles, debris left behind amongst the rubble and created 3D models of both the Russian Kh-101 cruise and the US-made AIM-120 for comparison with the missile seen clearly within the footage.