A complicated state machine moves the processor through the T-states. This diagram shows the location of the bus state machine circuitry on the die of the 8088 processor. Back in 1979, just a few flip-flops and logic gates occupied a substantial area on the die. 7/8
The 8088's bus state machine is too complicated to explain here. Instead, see my blog post for lots of diagrams and schematics: https://www.righto.com/2024/04/intel-8088-bus-state-machine.html 8/8